NPR has an interesting little segment on the evolutionary advantages of religious beliefs. It speculates on the psychological relationship between religion, individual behaviour, group cooperation and government. Listen here.
the abyss
Hal Holbrook and Charlie Sheen in Oliver Stone’s Wall Street.
“Man looks in the abyss, there’s nothing staring back at him. At that moment, man finds his character. And that is what keeps him out of the abyss.” — Hal Holbrook as Lou Mannheim in Wall Street
challenge the dogma
Maverick scientist James Lovelock on his approach to science.
His wikipedia page has a summary of his rather compelling argument for pro-nuclear environmentalism. He is probably most famous for his Gaia hypothesis.
singing in the rain
King Lear. Act 3, SCENE IV (excerpt).
The heath. Before a hovel.
Enter KING LEAR, KENT, and Fool.
KENT
Here is the place, my lord; good my lord, enter:
The tyranny of the open night’s too rough
For nature to endure.(Storm still)
KING LEAR
Let me alone.KENT
Good my lord, enter here.KING LEAR
Wilt break my heart?KENT
I had rather break mine own. Good my lord, enter.KING LEAR
Thou think’st ’tis much that this contentious storm
Invades us to the skin: so ’tis to thee;
But where the greater malady is fix’d,
The lesser is scarce felt. Thou’ldst shun a bear;
But if thy flight lay toward the raging sea,
Thou’ldst meet the bear i’ the mouth. When the
mind’s free,
The body’s delicate: the tempest in my mind
Doth from my senses take all feeling else
Save what beats there. Filial ingratitude!
Is it not as this mouth should tear this hand
For lifting food to’t? But I will punish home:
No, I will weep no more. In such a night
To shut me out! Pour on; I will endure.
In such a night as this! O Regan, Goneril!
Your old kind father, whose frank heart gave all,–
O, that way madness lies; let me shun that;
No more of that.
sofa or settee?
David Mitchell ruminates on the relationship between the way we use language and the way we see ourselves and others. I’m enjoying these videos a lot — Mitchell’s is like that endearingly curious and sometimes overly analytical voice in my head that has to be kept in check.
Check out his refreshing opinion on climate change, and the rest of his youtube channel. Thanks Aengus for bringing this to my attention.
ah, we meet again, breakfast dishes.
Psyblog has an article following the theory that self-forgiveness can put an end to procrastination:
Another way of thinking of this is in terms of approach and avoidance behaviours. Because we tend to avoid things that make us feel bad, pent up guilt about a task will make us avoid that task in the future. Self-forgiveness, though, may reduce guilt and so make us more likely to approach the task.
This explanation highlights the fact that we don’t just have emotional relationships with people, we also have them with tasks. Some tasks we like and look forward to like trusted old friends, while others feel more like muggers stealing away hours of our lives.
I can’t get enough of this blog, actually. Two other recent articles that are fascinating to me (on abstract/creative thinking devices): One, two.
through a chink too wide there comes in no wonder
Patrick Kavanagh, Advent:
We have tested and tasted too much, lover-
Through a chink too wide there comes in no wonder.
But here in the Advent-darkened room
Where the dry black bread and the sugarless tea
Of penance will charm back the luxury
Of a child’s soul, we’ll return to Doom
The knowledge we stole but could not use.And the newness that was in every stale thing
When we looked at it as children: the spirit-shocking
Wonder in a black slanting Ulster hill
Or the prophetic astonishment in the tedious talking
Of an old fool will awake for us and bring
You and me to the yard gate to watch the whins
And the bog-holes, cart-tracks, old stables where Time begins.O after Christmas we’ll have no need to go searching
For the difference that sets an old phrase burning-
We’ll hear it in the whispered argument of a churning
Or in the streets where the village boys are lurching.
And we’ll hear it among decent men too
Who barrow dung in gardens under trees,
Wherever life pours ordinary plenty.
Won’t we be rich, my love and I, and
God we shall not ask for reason’s payment,
The why of heart-breaking strangeness in dreeping hedges
Nor analyse God’s breath in common statement.
We have thrown into the dust-bin the clay-minted wages
Of pleasure, knowledge and the conscious hour-
And Christ comes with a January flower.
Studied this poem at school and it didn’t mean an awful lot to me. But it stayed in my head and sometimes rises to the surface at appropriate moments.
why and how to value experience over posessions
Psyblog explains the psychological reasons why material possessions can be so dissatisfying in the long term, as opposed to experiential purchases like concert tickets or a meal out, which often seem to even appreciate in value in our minds as time passes.
The article also explains how one can learn to be more content with those material possessions we do end up buying (in spite of our better knowledge): by thinking of them in experiential terms.
By thinking experientially we can make more of what we already have and ward off the invidious comparisons that can make the treadmill of consumer culture so unsatisfying.
Six psychological reasons consumer culture is so unsatisfying.
defamiliarization, “disordering the rhythm” of language
Words ought to be a little wild for they are the assaults of thought on the unthinking. -John Maynard Keynes
From a diary entry of Tolstoy, quoted in Viktor Shklovsky’s “Art as Technique”:
I was cleaning and, meandering about, approached the divan and couldn’t remember whether or not I had dusted it. Since these movements are habitual and unconscious I could not remember and felt that it was impossible to remember – so that if I had dusted it and forgot – that is, had acted unconsciously, then it was the same as if I had not. If some conscious person had been watching, then the fact could be established. If, however, no one was looking, or looking on unconsciously, if the whole complex lives of many people go on unconsciously, then such lives are as if they had never been.
Read the (short) essay, Art as Technique, which discusses the effect of defamiliarization in language. Thanks to Alice!
tribal identity vs. modernity
Andy Thomason (1993):
When Emile Durkeim conducted his statistical analysis of suicides in 1897, not only did he help establish the sociological perspective and the science of sociology, he also touched on what many consider the bane of modernity, and what may be the inevitable result of civilization and human’s attempts to dominate the earth and our environment.
Durkheim discovered that men, the wealthy, the unmarried, and Protestants were more likely to commit suicide than Catholics, Jews, the married, or the poor. He found that high suicide rates were inversely proportional to the degree of social integration of a particular demographic group. In other words, the more individualistic and autonomous a group a person belonged to, the greater the chance of the individuals in that group had of committing suicide.
Further studies have confirmed his findings. Higher suicide rates correspond directly with the loss of cultural identity associated with greater affluence and autonomy.
Durkeim attributed this phenomenon with a breakdown of social bonds, mores, and moral guidance resulting from the increased individualism a rise in prestige and affluence affords. He termed the condition “anomie.” In later studies he examined the role of anomie in other sociol ills such as deviance and criminality.
Pioneering psychologist Carl Rogers stated in 1955 that Persons are constituted through socio-historical and cultural processes. Since then, many other theories have emerged–from symbolic interaction to social self and deviance theories–that all say basically the same thing with slightly different emphasis. Our “selfs”, our identities are forged by our culture.
Social bonds certainly existed with greater strength in pre-industrial societies, but the anomie described by Durkeim began with our first tentative step toward civilization, when initial, albeit minuscule, breaks with our tribe and the erosion of our tribal identity started.
Movement toward modernity has increased the number of choices individuals have, but traditional, tribal people have a more well defined personal identity. As civilization and industrialization increase social ties weaken, and as those ties weaken it becomes increasingly difficult to form an identity or connection to anything larger than ourselves.
In their own language, all the terms that traditional, tribal people use to refer to themselves mean literally “human” or “human being” and define what it means to be part of the tribe and what it meant to be a human being.
Tribal identity defines and locates an individual within itself and within the larger context of the world, nature and even the supernatural, gives human beings and the individual a place in the world, providing a framework in which humans can depend on to interact with each other and the natural environment. Tribes defined our relationships, forged social bonds, identities, and commitments, and gave the individuals a sense of security, continuance, and well-being.
Read more (Tribal Identity and Loss of Self @ suite101)
Liu Ling the poetic drunkard
I always thought it was a shame that Alan Watts died at such a young age (58). And how incongruous, I thought, that he should die from alcohol-related health problems. But then again, maybe it’s not so strange!
From an interview with one of Watts’ associates, Gia Fu Feng:
Q. You’ve mentioned Alan Watts several times and I know that you’ve been with him when he was teaching. What was he like to be with?
A. You see Alan Watts was very creative. When he drinks he’s very clever. He was in a class, you know, at night time, he was all drunk. But his lectures were never boring. He was a tremendous entertainer. He said, “I’m an entertainer, I’m no Buddhist philosopher.”
Q. Alan Watts actually died from alcohol, didn’t he?
A. Oh yeah. At that time he drank whisky by the bottle.
Q. But how could that tie in with the Tao?
A. That’s from the Tao! The fact that he drank is totally in tune with the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove-his utter disregard for convention. One of the sages, a famous poet called Liu Ling, had a servant who followed him carrying a jug of wine and a spade. In this way he always had some wine to drink and his servant would be ready to bury him if he dropped dead during a drinking bout! It’s in the Tao. So Alan Watts’ drinking is quite Taoistic.
I stumbled upon this (here) when looking for info regarding his untimely end, expecting further tragedy. And yet — what a terrific story! I need to get myself one of those jug carriers.
Coincidentally I learnt earlier today that a wine jug is called an oenochoe!
the vinegar tasters
The Vinegar Tasters, is a traditional subject in Chinese religious painting. The allegorical composition depicts the three founders of China’s major religious and philosophical traditions: Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism. It favors Taoism and is critical of the others.
The three men are dipping their fingers in a vat of vinegar and tasting it; one man reacts with a sour expression, one reacts with a bitter expression, and one reacts with a sweet expression. The three men are Confucius, Buddha, and Laozi, respectively. Each man’s expression represents the predominant attitude of his religion: Confucianism saw life as sour, in need of rules to correct the degeneration of people; Buddhism saw life as bitter, dominated by pain and suffering; and Taoism saw life as fundamentally good in its natural state. Another interpretation of the painting is that, since the three men are gathered around one vat of vinegar, “the three teachings are one”.
The full article contains the rest of the fascinating background of this cheeky and clever image.
Addendum:

12th Century Song painting in the Litang style illustrating
the theme “confucianism, taoism and buddhism are one”.
Here’s another painting with a similar — but unbiased — message. Wiki:
Song painting in the Litang style illustrating the theme “confucianism, taoism and buddhism are one”. Depicts taoist Lu Xiujing (left), official Tao Hongjing (right) and buddhist monk Huiyuan (center, founder of Pure Land) by the Tiger stream. The stream borders a zone infested by tigers that they just crossed without fear, engrossed as they were in their discussion. Realising what they just did, they laugh together, hence the name of the picture,Three laughing men by the Tiger stream.
Found by sheer coincidence! As with the first.
practical aesthetics
Practical Aesthetics is an acting technique originally conceived by David Mamet and William H. Macy, based on the teachings of Stanislavsky, Sanford Meisner, and the Stoic Philosopher Epictetus. (wiki)
Mark Westbrook @ Ezine:
The actors on stage must deal with what’s in front of them in the truth of the moment. Nothing is more likely to disturb that illusion more than failing to respond truthfully if your colleague on stage accidentally drops the bottle of champagne. The audience will suspend their disbelief if they are not given a reason to react otherwise.
The actor employing Practical Aesthetics is in a constant state of improvisation. Each moment on stage is unrehearsed in the traditional sense. Instead, rehearsal writes into the muscle memory of the actor, the given circumstances of the play, including notes from the director and tools or tactics by which to pursue an essential action for each scene. In Mamet’s words ‘we prepare to improvise’.
Lines are learned by rote without meaning or feeling. This allows the individual line to serve any possible tactic without fixing a line reading.
Additionally, Practical Aesthetics employs techniques for getting the actor out of their own head. The actor places their attention on the other, and tries to achieve in the other a change whilst observing and adapting their approach to the new and changing truth of the moment. This takes the focus off the actor themself. Constant and progressive use of Repetition exercises adapted from Meisner, habitualises this practise in the actor. The truthfulness of the actors response is now only limited by what he or she can see before them and that possibility is endless and constantly shifting.
More @ “Practical Aesthetics — An Overview”
See also:
reasons for moving
Keeping Things Whole by Mark Strand.
In a field
I am the absence
of field.
This is
always the case.
Wherever I am
I am what is missing.When I walk
I part the air
and always
the air moves in
to fill the spaces
where my body’s been.We all have reasons
for moving.
I move
to keep things whole.from Reasons for Moving;
Atheneum, 1968
(via 3qd)
charlie kaufman @ the red book dialogues
In the spirit of RMA’s recent exhibition The Red Book of C.G. Jung, in 32 sessions from October 19, 2009 to February 10, 2010, personalities from many different walks of life were paired on stage with a psychoanalyst and invited to respond to and interpret a folio from Jung’s Red Book as a starting point for a wide-ranging conversation.
In the following discussion, screenwriter/director Charlie Kaufman and Jungian analyst John Beebe interpret one of the images from Jung’s red book as part of a rather protracted but often intriguing musing on Jung’s ideas.
Audio from wnyc culture.
Other celebrity artists such as David Byrne and Billy Corgan participated in the event alongside academics and specialists in the field. See the agenda at the Rubin Museum of Art.
inner potential
Irish comedian Dylan Moran muses on self help and “unlocking your inner potential”.


